• PKA signalling in the http

  2025-02-01

  

  PKA signalling in the nucleus was thought to be due to the translocation of the catalytic subunit upon activation from the gaba receptor to the nucleus via diffusion [72]. However, a new understanding has emerged, as both the regulatory and catalytic subunits have been identified in the nucleus and

• We have previously shown that the human

  2025-02-01

  

  We have previously shown that the human gonadotropins hLH and hCG trigger a partly irreversible stimulation of intracellular cyclic AMP accumulation in mouse Leydig Tumor transcription factor (MLTC) in contrast to all other tested mammalian LHs and CG (Klett et al., 2016). In order to get a better

• The A b action occurs in conditions where high

  2025-02-01

  

  The A2b action occurs in conditions where high concentrations of adenosine is generated, so its blockage does not interfere with other physiological processes mediated by adenosine and others AR [105]. Furthermore the A3 receptor was shown to have pro-apoptotic effects on tumor lines of breast, lung

• mu receptor antagonist br Functional consequences of ADK reg

  2025-02-01

  

  Functional consequences of ADK regulation on astrocyte function As outlined above (see introduction), ADK critically regulates the extracellular adenosine levels in mu receptor antagonist (Boison, 2006, Etherington et al., 2009). Changes in the levels of adenosine, as a result of the regulation

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion The brain

  2025-02-01

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion The brain is endowed with the 5-LOX enzymatic system (Lammers et al., 1996, Lindgren et al., 1984), but its physiological and pathological roles are still not clear. Inflammation is a characteristic of many neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheime

• NSAIDs induce gastrointestinal toxicity and evoke asthma by

  2025-02-01

  

  NSAIDs induce gastrointestinal toxicity and evoke Butyrolactone 3 by decreasing the production of gastroprotective prostanoids and by redirecting the COX substrate AA into LT biosynthesis, thereby causing vasoconstriction in gastric mucosa and airways (Celotti and Laufer, 2001; Koeberle and Werz, 2

• br Mechanisms of GPCR internalization Like

  2025-01-31

  

  Mechanisms of GPCR internalization Like for other types of receptors, prolonged agonist stimulation often leads to GPCR internalization, which can occur via different pathways ∗[2], [20], [21], [22], [23]. Of these pathways, clathrin-mediated Diclofenac Sodium (CME) is the best characterized and

• A different mechanism has been suggested for the

  2025-01-31

  

  A different mechanism has been suggested for the role of TRX1 in ASK1 regulation based on disulfide bond-mediated ASK1 multimerization and its reduction through the thiol-reductase activity of TRX1 (Nadeau et al., 2007, Nadeau et al., 2009). In this model, oxidative stress induces intermolecular dis

• br Secreted enzymes Only two

  2025-01-31

  

  Secreted enzymes Only two secreted S. aureus enzymes reportedly induce apoptosis, namely, staphylococcal staphopain B (SspB) and coagulase. SspB selectively cleaved CD11b/CD18 integrin and induced an apoptosis-like cell death in neutrophils and monocytes (Smagur et al., 2009). Neutrophils or mono

• Introduction The corpus luteum CL is a transient endocrine

  2025-01-31

  

  Introduction The corpus luteum (CL) is a transient endocrine gland that differentiates from the thecal and granulosal cells of the ovarian follicle after ovulation. Its formation and limited lifespan in the mammalian ovary is important for fertility, as the CL produces progesterone (P4), the essent

• A has been reported to decrease

  2025-01-31

  

  Aβ has been reported to decrease insulin receptors and impair insulin signaling in neurons, preventing phosphorylation of Akt and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β), downstream of insulin signaling, and to increase phosphorylation of tau protein causing neurofibrillary tangles (Tokutake et al., 20

• In many cells AR mediated activation of

  2025-01-27

  

  In many (-)-MK 801 α1-AR mediated activation of PLC has been shown to be the downstream process for NA-induced signalling. The activated PLC initiates subsequent signalling by breakdown of PIP2 to IP3 and DAG (Fisher and Agranoff, 1987) and the process continues. To confirm if such mechanism exists

• Several genes related to metabolism post transcriptional reg

  2025-01-27

  

  Several genes related to metabolism, post-transcriptional regulation, chromatin structure, and signaling pathways are required for the sexual development and virulence of G. zeae (Baldwin et al., 2010, Bluhm et al., 2007, Ding et al., 2009, Han et al., 2007, Hou et al., 2002, Jenczmionka et al., 200

• br Conflict of interest statement br

  2025-01-27

  

  Conflict of interest statement Funding Acknowledgments We thank the team at Medical and Collider-Accelerator Departments at BNL and for their support at NSRL. We thank Dr. Janice Pluth and Professor Peter O’Neill for useful discussions related to our work. Introduction The DNA damage re

• It is well known that neurosteroids such as testosterone

  2025-01-27

  

  It is well-known that neurosteroids such as testosterone and their metabolites endogenously modulate neural excitability in animals and humans. Testosterone has protective effects against seizures induced by KA and PTZ (Frye et al., 2001b; Reddy, 2004b). Estrogens, on the other hand, have proconvuls

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