• br Materials and methods br

  2021-12-29

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Disclosures Author contributions Acknowledgements Introduction Diabetes mellitus is one of the fastest growing chronic diseases worldwide, with an estimated prevalence of 382 million patients, of which about 90% have type 2 diabetes melli

• Young et al described the role

  2021-12-29

  

  Young et al. [40] described the role of adenine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the translocation of GLUT4 in the heart. The AMPK is activated during muscle contraction [74] by converting AMP to ATP. The adenosine analog, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR), is a c

• NO has been shown to be necessary

  2021-12-28

  

  NO has been shown to be necessary for long-term potentiation (LTP) of GABAergic neurons in the amygdala (Lange et al., 2012), the hippocampus (Zhuo et al., 1993), the ventral tegmental area (VTA) (Nugent et al., 2009), and the spinal cord (Fenselau et al., 2011). NO is also known to increase GABA re

• Pattern recognition receptors key elements in

  2021-12-28

  

  Pattern recognition receptors - key elements in the innate immune response Every day, human beings are exposed to a broad range of microbes and foreign substances. Most of them are entirely harmless, however, some are pathogenic and have the potential to cause severe harm. The distinction between “

• To validate that our natural experiment operates

  2021-12-28

  

  To validate that our natural experiment operates primarily through a large negative shock to the risk-taking incentives provided by option compensation measured by vega, we do two sets of tests. First, we confirm a significant drop in vega after the adoption of FAS 123R for treated firms relative to

• br Declarations of interest br Founding information This wor

  2021-12-28

  

  Declarations of interest Founding information This work was partially supported by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) Japan [grant number P03043]; and Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [grant number 16H00738 to H.M.] from the Japan Society for the Prom

• Long non coding RNAs lncRNAs are

  2021-12-28

  

  Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of RNA transcripts which are over 200 nucleotides in length and not translated into proteins (Ponting et al., 2009). Recent studies showed that lncRNAs have been identified as crucial regulators of gene expression, chromatin remodeling, and cell cycle (Wahl

• The cytotoxicity of these compounds against Hep B cells was

  2021-12-28

  

  The cytotoxicity of these compounds against Hep3B cells was assessed using the MTT assay. As shown in , compounds in series and (except ), which retained the carboxyl at C-17, showed no appreciable cytotoxic activity (IC > 100 μM), whereas compounds in series (except ,) were modestly cytotoxic, i

• Renal disease is characterized by

  2021-12-28

  

  Renal disease is characterized by aberrant fibrotic remodeling of renal tissue, elevated apoptosis in kidney tissue, and eventual organ failure. In addition, patients with renal disease are more likely to suffer from systemic hypertension due to oxidative damage (reviewed in Ref. [18]). Treatment of

• Reduction of the hydrolysis of ATP is

  2021-12-28

  

  Reduction of the hydrolysis of ATP is an important strategy to reduce ischemia/reperfusion injury. Increased intracellular concentrations of solutes secondary to ATP depletion are known to result in osmotic swelling that may be sufficient to cause sarcolemmal rupture. Cinaciguat activates sGC direct

• To investigate the simultaneous effects of possible confound

  2021-12-28

  

  To investigate the simultaneous effects of possible confounding factors in the urinary 1-OHP excretion, multivariate regression analysis was performed (Table 3). Based on stepwise regression analysis, four independent variables (age, CYP1A1⁎4, GSTM1 and GSTP1 polymorphisms) entered into the final mo

• br Ketone body metabolism and neuronal excitability

  2021-12-28

  

  Ketone body metabolism and neuronal excitability One of the best examples of the close connection between metabolism and neuronal excitability is illustrated by the effect of ketone bodies on epileptic seizures. One third of patients suffering from epileptic seizures do not respond to conventiona

• In three independent groups identified GPR

  2021-12-28

  

  In 2003, three independent groups identified GPR109A (HM74A) and GPR109B (HM74), two GPCRs, as the receptors for niacin., , GPR109A, which is present in all species, is a high affinity receptor for niacin., GPR109B, which is only present in human and chimpanzee, is a low affinity receptor for niac

• br Material and methods br Result br Discussion

  2021-12-28

  

  Material and methods Result Discussion The female with well-differentiated endometrial cancer, especially those in the reproductive age have a strong desire to preserve fertility. Therefore, conservative medical treatment with progestin is widely used in the clinic. However, up to 30% of pa

• br Materials and methods br

  2021-12-28

  

  Materials and methods Results In this study we re-examined the kinetics of ET transport and tested the ability of various suggested substrates of OCNT1 to inhibit ET uptake. Using a native ET transporter expressed in the human HeLa cell line ET was found to be taken up with a Km of 51 μM and V

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